IBM and RIKEN Demonstrate Closed-Loop Quantum Supercomputing

IBM and Japan's RIKEN research institute have demonstrated a "closed-loop" quantum-centric supercomputing workflow using the Fugaku supercomputer ^[1]. This milestone involved integrating Fugaku’s classical power with an on-premises 156-qubit IBM Quantum Heron processor to perform highly accurate chemistry simulations ^[2]. The results, presented at the Supercomputing Asia 2026 conference, represent the first time quantum and high-performance computing (HPC) have collaborated at this scale ^[1][2]. Researchers utilized a technique called sample-based quantum diagonalization to calculate the electronic structure of complex iron-sulfur molecules ^[2]. To achieve this, a task assignment system was developed to pass data back and forth between the two systems in an unbroken loop ^[1][4]. This process minimizes execution time by ensuring both classical and quantum hardware work at maximum capacity ^[1]. This demonstration is part of a broader Japanese initiative supported by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry to build a world-class hybrid computing platform ^[3][4]. Experts suggest the success proves that quantum-centric supercomputing can transition from a theoretical concept into a practical tool for scientific discovery ^[2][3].